Targeting the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase pathway in cancer

Targeting the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase pathway in cancer

Tumor cells escape the immune surveillance system of the host through a process called immune tolerance. Immunotherapy targets molecules that serve as checks and balances in the regulation of immune response. Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an intracellular enzyme, which through the process of tryptophan depletion exerts an immunosuppressive effect, facilitating immune escape of tumors. Th...

High expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase gene in prostate cancer.

Arginase 2, inducible- and endothelial-nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS and eNOS), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and TGF-beta, might impair immune functions in prostate cancer (PCA) patients. However, their expression was not comparatively analysed in PCA and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We evaluated the expression of these genes in PCA and BPH tissues. Seventy-six patients (42 BPH, 34 PC...

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and Immunological Tolerance during Pregnancy

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme involved in the catabolism of tryptophan, is expressed by a variety of cells and tissues such as macrophages, dendritic cells, cells of the endocrine system and by the placenta. IFN- γ is the main inducer of this enzyme. IDO acts as an important defense mechanism of innate immunity against pathogens. It also has tumor suppressive activity and prolong...

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Mediates Cell

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase: From tolerance during pregnancy to cancer

RESUMEN El feto expresa durante el embarazo antígenos procedentes del padre que no provocan el rechazo como cualquier otro injerto semi-alogénico. Entre los sistemas implicados en la inducción de la tolerancia materno-fetal, se encuentra la enzima indolamina 2,3-dioxigenasa (IDO) que inicia la degradación del triptófano. Al consumir el triptófano provoca una inhibición de la respuesta de las cé...